Mechanical programs The software at this site is freeware (no cookies) At this site you will find the following free Windows structural civil engineering software. Aras Is Designed To Meet Your Needs. Everything about Aras technology is designed to meet your needs. Learn more about how we can help you achieve your vision. CardWerk Atlanta: MULTOS, CryptoMemory, and JavaCard Smart card consulting and software development. Logical/physical access control with biometrics and smart cards.Software engineering - Wikipedia. Software engineering (SE) is the application of engineering to the development of software in a systematic method.[1][2][3]Known definitions[edit]Typical formal definitions of software engineering include: "Research, design, develop, and test operating systems- level software, compilers, and network distribution software for medical, industrial, military, communications, aerospace, business, scientific, and general computing applications"—Bureau of Labor Statistics[citation needed]"the systematic application of scientific and technological knowledge, methods, and experience to the design, implementation, testing, and documentation of software"—The Bureau of Labor Statistics—IEEESystems and software engineering - Vocabulary[4]"The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software"—IEEEStandard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology[5]"an engineering discipline that is concerned with all aspects of software production"— Ian Sommerville[6]"the establishment and use of sound engineering principles in order to economically obtain software that is reliable and works efficiently on real machines"—Fritz Bauer[7]History[edit]When the first digital computers appeared in the early 1. Practitioners quickly realized that this design was not flexible and came up with the "stored program architecture" or von Neumann architecture. Thus the division between "hardware" and "software" began with abstraction being used to deal with the complexity of computing. Programming languages started to appear in the early 1. Major languages such as Fortran, ALGOL, and COBOL were released in the late 1. Edsger W. Dijkstra wrote his seminal paper, "Go To Statement Considered Harmful",[9] in 1. David Parnas introduced the key concept of modularity and information hiding in 1. The origins of the term "software engineering" have been attributed to different sources, but it was used in 1. World's first conference on software engineering, sponsored and facilitated by NATO. The conference was attended by international experts on software who agreed on defining best practices for software grounded in the application of engineering. The result of the conference is a report that defines how software should be developed. The original report is publicly available.[1. The discipline of software engineering was created to address poor quality of software, get projects exceeding time and budget under control, and ensure that software is built systematically, rigorously, measurably, on time, on budget, and within specification.[1. Engineering already addresses all these issues, hence the same principles used in engineering can be applied to software. The widespread lack of best practices for software at the time was perceived as a "software crisis".[1. Barry W. Boehm documented several key advances to the field in his 1. Software Engineering Economics'.[1. These include his Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO), which relates software development effort for a program, in man- years T, to source lines of code (SLOC). T=k∗(SLOC)(1+x){\displaystyle T=k*(SLOC)^{(1+x)}} The book analyzes sixty- three software projects and concludes the cost of fixing errors escalates as the project moves toward field use. The book also asserts that the key driver of software cost is the capability of the software development team. In 1. 98. 4, the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) was established as a federally funded research and development center headquartered on the campus of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. Watts Humphrey founded the SEI Software Process Program, aimed at understanding and managing the software engineering process. His 1. 98. 9 book, Managing the Software Process,[1. Software Development Process can and should be controlled, measured, and improved. The Process Maturity Levels introduced would become the Capability Maturity Model Integration for Development(CMMi- DEV), which has defined how the US Government evaluates the abilities of a software development team. Modern, generally accepted best- practices for software engineering have been collected by the ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7 subcommittee and published as the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK).[1. Subdisciplines[edit]Software engineering can be divided into sub- disciplines[1. Some of them are: Software requirements[1][1. Requirements engineering): The elicitation, analysis, specification, and validation of requirements for software. Software design: [1][1. The process of defining the architecture, components, interfaces, and other characteristics of a system or component. It is also defined as the result of that process. Software construction: [1][1. The detailed creation of working, meaningful software through a combination of coding, verification, unit testing, integration testing, and debugging. Software testing: [1][1. An empirical, technical investigation conducted to provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service under test. Software maintenance: [1][1. The totality of activities required to provide cost- effective support to software. Software configuration management: [1][1. The identification of the configuration of a system at distinct points in time for the purpose of systematically controlling changes to the configuration, and maintaining the integrity and traceability of the configuration throughout the system life cycle. Software engineering management: [1][1. The application of management activities—planning, coordinating, measuring, monitoring, controlling, and reporting—to ensure that the development and maintenance of software is systematic, disciplined, and quantified. Software development process: [1][1. The definition, implementation, assessment, measurement, management, change, and improvement of the software life cycle process itself. Software engineering models and methods[1. Software quality[1. Software engineering professional practice[1. Software engineering economics[1. Computing foundations[1. Mathematical foundations[1. Engineering foundations[1. Education[edit]Knowledge of computer programming is a prerequisite for becoming a software engineer. In 2. 00. 4 the IEEE Computer Society produced the SWEBOK, which has been published as ISO/IEC Technical Report 1. Many software engineers enter the profession by obtaining a university degree or training at a vocational school. One standard international curriculum for undergraduate software engineering degrees was defined by the CCSE, and updated in 2. A number of universities have Software Engineering degree programs; as of 2. Campus Bachelor of Software Engineering programs, 7. Online programs, 2. Masters- level programs, 4. Doctorate- level programs, and 6. Certificate- level programs in the United States.[2. For practitioners who wish to become proficient and recognized as professional software engineers, the IEEE offers two certifications that extend knowledge above the level achieved by an academic degree: Certified Software Development Associate and Certified Software Development Professional. As of 2. 01. 4, both of these certifications are no longer available. In addition to university education, many companies sponsor internships for students wishing to pursue careers in information technology. These internships can introduce the student to interesting real- world tasks that typical software engineers encounter every day. Similar experience can be gained through military service in software engineering. Profession[edit]Legal requirements for the licensing or certification of professional software engineers vary around the World. In the UK, there is no licensing or legal requirement to assume or use the job title Software Engineer. In some areas of Canada, such as Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario,[2. Quebec, software engineers can hold the Professional Engineer (P. Eng) designation and/or the Information Systems Professional (I. S. P.) designation. In Canada, there is a legal requirement to have P. Eng when one wants to use the title "engineer" or practice "software engineering". In Europe, Software Engineers can obtain the European Engineer (EUR ING) professional title. The United States, starting from 2. NCEESProfessional Engineer exam for Software Engineering, thereby allowing Software Engineers to be licensed and recognized.[2. Mandatory licensing is currently still largely debated, and perceived as controversial.
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